6. The deliberate modifications of an organism’s genetic information by directly changing its nucleic acid content is a subject matter of

A. genetic engineering
B. population genetics
C. microbiology
D. protein engineering

7. Electroporation is

A. the process of separating charged molecules through a gel maintained in an electric field
B. the process of combining foreign DNA to an electrically charged vector molecule
C. the application of high voltage pulses
D. the process of multiplication of the cells

8. Which of the following is obtained using processed mRNA molecules as a template?

A. rDNA
B. mDNA
C. cDNA
D. tDNA

9. Vectors are

A. molecules that degrade nucleic acids
B. molecules that help in replication
C. molecules that are able to covalently bond to and carry foreign DNA into cells
D. molecules that protect host cells from invasion by foreign DNA

10. What is the normal role of restriction endonucleases in bacterial cells?

A. To degrade the bacterial chromosome into small pieces during replication
B. To degrade invading phage DNA
C. To produce RNA primers for replication
D. All of the above