Preparing for Civil Service Examination: Reading Comprehension Practice 9

4. Which of the following best represents the main idea of the passage?
a. The tobacco industry gives out free cigarettes to the less fortunate population in an effort to stimulate more popularity among them.
b. As the awareness of the ill effects of cigarettes increases, the affluent and more educated start stubbing out their cigarettes.
c. The homeless and other downscale consumers became a main target for tobacco marketing.
d. Merit, Pall Mall, and Lucky Strike are the most popular cigarettes within the homeless demographic of cigarette smokers.
e. R.J. Reynolds is a despicable company that lacks both tact and shame in its approach to selling cigarettes.

Correct Answer: c

Answer Explanation:

A tobacco industry representative stated that this demographic would be more susceptible to marketing and therefore more easily moldable or pliable to suit the needs of the company. The tobacco industry wouldn’t benefit from a breakable new demographic; a stubborn, or refractory, demographic wouldn’t be ideal so choices a and b are incorrect. The answer is not choice d because it would not make any sense. The answer is not choice e. Intractable is synonymous with stubborn, so again, this wouldn’t be ideal.

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5. Which of the following best describes the author’s tone?
a. poignant objectivity
b. critical and informative
c. impartial and somber
d. restrained scorn
e. cold anger

Correct Answer: b

Answer Explanation:

The passage delivers the information, but there is definitely a critical attitude toward the tobacco industry. Pointing out all the industry’s dirty tricks without using angry adjectives keeps the tone at critical rather than angry. The answer is not choice a because the author is not objective, nor is it choice c because although it is somber it is not impartial. There is never an indication that the author is holding back anything, so choice d is incorrect. Cold anger (choice e) would be too harsh a description for this article.

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6. Based on the information in the passage, which of the following is the author most likely to be affiliated with?
a. R.J. Reynolds
b. New York City homeless shelters
c. an antismoking campaign
d. the board of health
e. a homeless activist group

Correct Answer: c

Answer Explanation:

The author is bringing to light the unethical tactics of the tobacco industry, making an anti-tobacco movement the most likely of all the answers. The answer would not be choice a as R.J. Reynolds is a tobacco company, and such crude evidence wouldn’t be offered from within. Choice b is a completely arbitrary choice. Although the author could be involved with the board of health, this passage concentrates on smoking rather than a full spectrum of health issues, making c rather than d the better choice. It is never implied that the author is in league with a homeless activist group, so choice e is incorrect.

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