A client with massive pulmonary embolism will have a large region and blow off large amounts of carbon dioxide, which crosses the unaffected alveolar-capillary membrane more readily than does oxygen and results in respiratory alkalosis.

Option A: Large amounts of carbon dioxide are blown off, removing the option of metabolic acidosis.
Option B: Respiratory, not metabolic, alkalosis is the result of a massive pulmonary embolism.
Option C: Acidosis does not occur with pulmonary embolism. Hypocapnia usually is present with an embolism.

Bubbling in the water seal chamber of a chest drainage system stems from an air leak. In pneumothorax, an air leak can occur as air is pulled from the pleural space.

Option B: Inadequate suction does not cause bubbling.
Option C: Bubbling doesn’t normally occur with adequate suction or any preexisting bubbling in the water seal chamber.
Option D: A kinked chest tube does not cause bubbling in the water seal chamber.

3000 x 10 divided by 24 x 60.

Option A: 18 is incorrect according to the formula used.
Option C: 35 is more than the prescribed gtts/minute as calculated.
Option D: 40 is more than the correct gtts/minute as calculated.

0.05 mg/ 1 ml = 0.12mg/ x ml, 0.05x = 0.12, x = 2.4 ml.

Option A: 1.2 ml is less than the correct dosage and may not produce the desired effects of the drug.
Option C: 3.5 ml is more than the correct dosage as calculated and may produce adverse effects.
Option D: 4.2 ml is an incorrect dosage according to the formula used.

Promote venous return by applying external pressure on veins.

Option A: The stockings may be removed before going to bed and worn again before getting out of bed.
Option B: Wearing stockings while sleeping is unnecessary. The mechanisms by which wearing elastic stockings prevent DVT are prevention of blood stasis by increasing the blood flow volume and decrease of the caliber of venous blood vessels by compression of the lower limbs.
Option C: The stockings should be worn the whole day and removed before going to sleep.