Cardiogenic shock is shock related to ineffective pumping of the heart.

Option A: Anaphylactic shock results from an allergic reaction. This severe reaction happens when an over-release of chemicals puts the person into shock.
Option C: Distributive shock results from changes in the intravascular volume distribution and is usually associated with increased cardiac output.
Option D: MI isn’t a shock state, though in most cases, a lack of oxygen to the heart, usually from a heart attack, damages its main pumping chamber. Without oxygen-rich blood circulating to that area of the heart, the heart muscle can weaken and go into cardiogenic shock.

The kidneys respond to rise in blood pressure by excreting sodium and excess water. This response ultimately affects systolic blood pressure by regulating blood volume.

Option A: As the kidneys excrete sodium, water also goes along with it.
Option B: Sodium or water retention would only further increase blood pressure.
Option D: Sodium and water travel together across the membrane in the kidneys; one can’t travel without the other.

Furosemide is a loop diuretic that inhibits sodium and water reabsorption in the loop Henle, thereby causing a decrease in blood pressure.

Option A: Vasodilators cause dilation of peripheral blood vessels, directly relaxing vascular smooth muscle and decreasing blood pressure.
Option B: Adrenergic blockers decrease sympathetic cardio acceleration and decrease blood pressure.
Option C: Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors decrease blood pressure due to their action on angiotensin.

Laboratory findings for clients with SLE usually show pancytopenia, elevated ANA titer, and decreased serum complement levels.

Option A: Decreased levels of serum complement is usually associated with SLE. The cause of complement activation in SLE is the formation of immune complexes, which in turn activate complement, predominantly by means of the classical pathway.
Option B: Thrombocytopenia is one of the components of pancytopenia. It is a condition in which the platelet count is decreased.
Option D: Clients may have elevated BUN and creatinine levels from nephritis, but the increase does not indicate SLE. The part of the kidney most frequently troubled by SLE is part of the nephron called the glomerulus, a tuft of capillaries that functions to filter substances from the blood. For this reason, the type of kidney inflammation most commonly experienced in lupus is glomerulonephritis.

Narcotics may mask changes in the level of consciousness that indicate increased ICP.

Option A: Acetaminophen is strong enough ignores the mother’s question and therefore isn’t appropriate.
Option B: Aspirin is contraindicated in conditions that may have bleeding, such as trauma, and for children or young adults with viral illnesses due to the danger of Reye’s syndrome.
Option D: Stronger medications may not necessarily lead to vomiting but will sedate the client, thereby masking changes in his level of consciousness.