Environment, Ecology & Biodiversity

11. The Amchang Wildlife Sanctuary (AWS) is located in which state/UT?

(A) Puducherry
(B) Karnataka
(C) Punjab
(D) Assam

Correct Answer: (D) Assam

Answer Explanation:
The Amchang Wildlife Sanctuary (AWS) is situated at Kamrup district in Guwahati, Assam and is spread over an area of 78.64 square kilometers. It consists of Amchang Reserve Forest, South Amchang Reserve Forest and Khanapara Reserve Forest. The sanctuary represents one of the rich and ecologically diverse habitat for the wide variety of animals and plant species. Hollockgibbon, Chinese pangolin, Flying squirrel, Assamese Macaque, Capped languor, Slow loris, Leopard, Elephant, Sambar, Barking Deer, Gaur etc., are the principal animals found in the wildlife sanctuary.
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12. The most potent greenhouse gas among the following is __?

(A) Carbon dioxide
(B) Methane
(C) Water Vapor
(D) Ozone

Correct Answer: (C) Water Vapor

Answer Explanation:
The most potent greenhouse gas is water vapor, which causes about 36-70% of the greenhouse effect. Carbon dioxide (9-26%), methane (4- 9%) and Ozone (3-7%) are other major greenhouse gases.
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13. Which among the following is world’s largest Mangrove forest?

(A) Sundarbans
(B) Pichavaram
(C) Bhitarkanika
(D) Malayan Peninsula mangroves

Correct Answer: (A) Sundarbans

Answer Explanation:
Sundarbans is a UNESCO-listed World Heritage Site. Sundarbans has the world’s largest mangrove forest which is home to a wide range of fauna, including 260 bird species, the Bengal tiger and other threatened species such as the estuarine crocodile and the Indian python. It is also home to the rare Irrawaddy dolphin.
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14. In which among the following oceans, most coral reefs are found?

(A) Indian Ocean
(B) Pacific Ocean
(C) Atlantic Ocean
(D) Arctic Ocean

Correct Answer: (B) Pacific Ocean

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15. Which among the following is not an ex situ site of preservation of Biodiversity?

(A) Home Garden
(B) Seed bank
(C) Botanical Garden
(D) Marine National park

Correct Answer: (D) Marine National park

Answer Explanation:
In situ conservation means the conservation of ecosystems and natural habitats and the maintenance and recovery of viable populations of species in their natural surroundings and, in the case of domesticated or cultivated species, in the surroundings where they have developed their distinctive properties.
Ex situ conservation means the conservation of components of biological diversity outside their natural habitats.
Examples of In situ Conservation: National Parks, Wild Life Sanctuaries, Biosphere Reserves, Gene Sanctuaries
Examples of Ex situ Conservation: Captive Breeding, Gene Banks, Seed Banks, Zoos, Aquaria, In vitro fertilization, Cryopreservation, Tissue Culture
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