Furosemide, a loop diuretic, does not alter pain.

Option A: Furosemide acts on the kidneys to increase urinary output.
Option B: Fluid may move from the periphery, decreasing edema.
Option D: Fluid load is reduced, lowering blood pressure.

Obesity is an important risk factor for coronary artery disease that can be modified by improved diet and weight loss.

Options A, B, and D: Family history of coronary artery disease, male gender, and advancing age increase risk but cannot be modified.

A history of cerebral hemorrhage is a contraindication to tPA because it may increase the risk of bleeding. TPA acts by dissolving the clot blocking the coronary artery and works best when administered within 6 hours of onset of symptoms.

Option A: Chest pain is one of the symptoms of myocardial infarction.
Option C: Prior MI is not a contraindication to tPA.
Option D: Patients receiving tPA should be observed for changes in blood pressure, as tPA may cause hypotension.

Exercise is important for all hospitalized patients to prevent deep vein thrombosis. Muscular contraction promotes venous return and prevents hemostasis in the lower extremities.

Options A, B, and D: This exercise is not sufficiently vigorous to increase physical fitness, nor is it intended to prevent bedsores or constipation.

Cardiogenic shock severely impairs the pumping function of the heart muscle, causing diminished blood flow to the organs of the body. This results in diminished brain function and confusion, as well as hypotension, tachycardia, and weak pulse. Cardiogenic shock is a serious complication of myocardial infarction with a high mortality rate.

Option A: The primary insult is a reduction in myocardial contractility resulting in diminished cardiac output, hypotension, systemic vasoconstriction, and cardiac ischemia.
Option B: Tachycardia is a symptom as there is diminished oxygenated blood flow to peripheral tissues, which drives the heart to pump harder than normal.
Option C: A bounding pulse is not indicative of cardiogenic shock.