Medieval Indian History

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136. In which battle, the confederacy led by the Hindu Shahi army of Anandapala was defeated by Mahmud of Ghazni?

(A) Battle of Janjua
(B) Battle of Peshawar
(C) Battle of Chach
(D) Battle of Takeshar

Correct Answer: (C) Battle of Chach

Answer Explanation:
Battle of Chach was fought in 1008 AD between Mahmud of Ghazni and a confederacy of Hindu Kingdoms led by the Hindu Shahi army of Anandapala. Forces of Anandpala were joined by Ajmer, Kalingar, Kanauj, etc. Anandpala lost the battle mainly because the army was not well organized and his elephant took flight in battle.

137. Which of the following scholars accompanied Mahmud of Ghazni during his invasions on India?

(A) Firdausi
(B) Firistha
(C) Al Biruni
(D) Omar Khayyam

Correct Answer: (C) Al Biruni

Answer Explanation:
Al Biruni was made court astrologer in Ghazni and he accompanied Mahmud on his invasions on India. He lived for several years here and is considered to be the first Indologist.

138. The Battle of Bahraich (1033) that resulted in the complete annihilation of the Ghaznavid army thus leading a pause in the Muslim conquests in India was won by which of the following kings?

(A) Gangeyadeva
(B) Suhaldev
(C) Naravarman
(D) Bhoja

Correct Answer: (B) Suhaldev

Answer Explanation:
Battle of Bahraich (1033) was a decisive battle between Raja Suheldev and Saiyyad Salar Masud of Ghazni in 1033 AD. This battle was fought near Bahraich city, Uttar Pradesh. In this battle, the invading Ghaznavid army of 100,000 people was completely annihilated leading the pause on Muslim conquests for more than a century thereafter. The Ghaznavides were completely routed from all areas except Multan and Lahore. (This was in June 1033 AD at Behraich when Salar Masood Ghazni was killed with his entire Army with not a single person left alive. Raja Bhoj who ruled for around 50 years from 1000 to 1050 AD played a big role in this defeat of Masood. The tomb of Salar Masood Ghazni is still there in Behraich, Uttar Pradesh).

139. Which of the following conquest of Mahmud occurred chronologically later than the other three?

(A) Invasion on Kalinjar
(B) Invasion on Kannauj
(C) Invasion on Somnath
(D) Invasion on Thaneshwar

Correct Answer: (C) Invasion on Somnath

Answer Explanation:
The attack on Somnath temple was carried out in 1024. The other three were done prior to that.

140. Who was the first person to introduce the Jizya tax on non-Muslims in India?

(A) Mohammed Bin Qasim
(B) Mahmud of Ghaznavi
(C) Subuktigin
(D) Mohammad Ghori

Correct Answer: (A) Mohammed Bin Qasim

Answer Explanation:
Umayyad general Muhammad-bin-Qasim, introduced the jizya in India in 712 A.D. when he conquered Sind.
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